Breast reduction surgery is a procedure in which excess breast tissue, fat and skin are removed to give the breast a lifted shape in proportion to the body. It is not just an aesthetic preference: back, neck and shoulder pain caused by large breasts, bra strap marks on the shoulders, sweating and fungal problems under the breasts, and poor posture are the main reasons for this surgery. Large breasts can also cause psychosocial problems for the person.
When deciding before surgery
It is important not to rush the decision and to be clear about your expectations and reasons. The following are assessed at the consultation: breast volume and degree of sagging, the position of the nipple, skin quality, general health, medications being taken and pregnancy plans. If a pregnancy or significant weight change is planned in the near future, postponing the surgery is recommended.
How is breast reduction surgery performed?
The procedure is performed under general anaesthesia in an operating theatre. Before surgery, measurements and markings appropriate to the technique are made — this planning directly affects the symmetry of the result. During surgery, the nipple is moved to its new position while its blood supply is preserved; excess skin, breast tissue and fat are removed and the remaining tissue is reshaped. A drain is placed to control bleeding, and the incisions are closed with self-dissolving stitches.
The duration of surgery varies according to breast size and the chosen technique; it is between 3-5 hours on average.
Incision patterns and scars
In breast reduction surgery, the incision pattern is planned according to the size of the breast, the degree of sagging and the amount of tissue to be removed. In most patients, an inverted-T-shaped scar forms, starting around the nipple, extending downwards and continuing along the fold under the breast. Scars may be more noticeable in the first months; over time their colour lightens and they become less noticeable. In most cases they are not visible under normal clothing, a bra or a bikini. Scar maturation takes about a year and varies according to the person's wound-healing characteristics. As smoking and alcohol adversely affect wound healing and the risk of infection, they should be stopped during this period.
Recovery process
| Period | What to expect | What to do |
|---|---|---|
| Days 1-3 | Drains are removed, the patient is discharged | A special bra is fitted |
| Week 1 | There is pain, easily relieved with painkillers | Rest; no strenuous movement |
| Weeks 1-2 | Return to social life and work | May take up to two weeks depending on the person |
| Month 1 | Swelling subsides, the breast softens and takes on its natural form | The special bra continues to be worn |
| 4 weeks | — | Heavy lifting is not allowed until this point |
| 4-6 months | The breast takes its final shape | Scar care |
Risks and breastfeeding
Bleeding, infection, delayed wound healing, asymmetry between the two breasts, temporary or permanent changes in nipple sensation and scarring are possible. The risks increase with smoking, diabetes and excess weight.
With most of the techniques used, the connection between the nipple and the breast tissue is preserved and the possibility of breastfeeding remains; however, no technique can guarantee breastfeeding with certainty. The more tissue is removed, the greater the likelihood of reduced milk production. If you plan to have children, mentioning this at the consultation will influence the choice of technique and the timing.
If breast volume is sufficient and there is only sagging, a breast lift may be more appropriate. For other procedures you can visit the breast aesthetic surgery page, and you can contact the clinic for an assessment.
Frequently Asked Questions
How is breast reduction surgery performed?
During the operation, excess breast tissue and fat are removed, sagging skin is excised and the nipple is moved to its new, higher position. The aim is not only to reduce volume but also to give the breast a lifted shape that is proportionate to the body's measurements. The incision pattern is chosen according to the size of the breast and the degree of sagging. It is performed under general anaesthesia and takes an average of 3-5 hours.
Is breast reduction surgery risky or a difficult operation?
Breast reduction is a commonly performed operation in plastic surgery with a well-defined technique; however, like any surgical procedure, it carries risks. Bleeding, infection, delayed wound healing, temporary changes in nipple sensation and scarring are possible. The risks increase with factors such as smoking, diabetes and excess weight. Suitability is determined by assessing the person's health at the pre-operative consultation.
How does recovery progress after breast reduction surgery?
Patients usually stay in hospital for one night. In the first days pain is controlled with medication, and a special bra is worn continuously. Most people return to desk work within 1 week. Heavy lifting and movements that strain the arms are postponed for about a month; return to sport is gradual after 4-6 weeks with the doctor's approval. Scars are prominent in the first months and fade afterwards; they take up to a year to mature.
How long does breast reduction surgery take?
The operation usually takes 3-5 hours. The duration varies depending on the amount of tissue to be removed, the degree of sagging, the technique chosen and whether another procedure will be performed in the same session. Preoperative preparation and recovery from anaesthesia are added to this. The exact duration will be given to you personally after the examination and planning.
Does breast reduction surgery affect breastfeeding?
With most of the techniques used, the connection between the nipple and the breast tissue is preserved and the possibility of breastfeeding remains; however, no technique can guarantee breastfeeding with certainty. The more tissue is removed, the greater the likelihood of reduced milk production. If you plan to have children, be sure to mention this at the consultation — the choice of technique and the timing of surgery can be planned accordingly.