Facial bone fractures are conditions where one or more of the facial bones constituting the whole face are broken and displaced, which can usually occur due to traffic accidents, assault, and sports injuries. They commonly appear as nasal fracture, jaw fracture, eye socket fracture and cheekbone fracture. After facial fractures occur, bleeding, swelling, loss of sensation, tenderness and pain are observed in the problem area. In facial fractures, a detailed examination is made through radiological imaging or tomography techniques to detect the areas with bone fractures. Facial fracture surgery is usually performed under general anesthesia. During the surgery, the fracture site is accessed through thin incisions made on the skin. Some of the incisions are made inside the mouth, on the eyebrow line or on the lower eyelid. In the surgery, the broken bones are accessed and they are fixed in their previous anatomical positions using titanium plate-screws. It may not be necessary to treat every patient with plate-screws. It is possible to treat non-displaced and immobile fractures using appropriate bandages and splints, without need for surgery.
The materials used for the treatment of facial fractures can remain in their places as long as they do not cause problems. In cases where they cause problems, a second surgery may be required for their removal.